*The author of this computation has been verified*

R Software Module: /rwasp_multipleregression.wasp (opens new window with default values)

Title produced by software: Multiple Regression

Date of computation: Fri, 03 Dec 2010 13:54:43 +0000

Cite this page as follows:

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/03/t129138455674vi03w4r64ztmy.htm/, Retrieved Fri, 03 Dec 2010 14:55:56 +0100

BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:

@Manual{KEY, author = {{YOUR NAME}}, publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education}, title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/03/t129138455674vi03w4r64ztmy.htm/}, year = {2010}, } @Manual{R, title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing}, author = {{R Development Core Team}}, organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, year = {2010}, note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0}, url = {http://www.R-project.org}, }

Original text written by user:

IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords:

Dataseries X:

» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «

1 162556 1081 213118 6282929 1 29790 309 81767 4324047 1 87550 458 153198 4108272 0 84738 588 -26007 -1212617 1 54660 299 126942 1485329 1 42634 156 157214 1779876 0 40949 481 129352 1367203 1 42312 323 234817 2519076 1 37704 452 60448 912684 1 16275 109 47818 1443586 0 25830 115 245546 1220017 0 12679 110 48020 984885 1 18014 239 -1710 1457425 0 43556 247 32648 -572920 1 24524 497 95350 929144 0 6532 103 151352 1151176 0 7123 109 288170 790090 1 20813 502 114337 774497 1 37597 248 37884 990576 0 17821 373 122844 454195 1 12988 119 82340 876607 1 22330 84 79801 711969 0 13326 102 165548 702380 0 16189 295 116384 264449 0 7146 105 134028 450033 0 15824 64 63838 541063 1 26088 267 74996 588864 0 11326 129 31080 -37216 0 8568 37 32168 783310 0 14416 361 49857 467359 1 3369 28 87161 688779 1 11819 85 106113 608419 1 6620 44 80570 696348 1 4519 49 102129 597793 0 2220 22 301670 821730 0 18562 155 102313 377934 0 10327 91 88577 651939 1 5336 81 112477 697458 1 2365 79 191778 70 etc...

Output produced by software:

Enter (or paste) a matrix (table) containing all data (time) series. Every column represents a different variable and must be delimited by a space or Tab. Every row represents a period in time (or category) and must be delimited by hard returns. The easiest way to enter data is to copy and paste a block of spreadsheet cells. Please, do not use commas or spaces to seperate groups of digits! Summary of computational transaction Raw Input view raw input (R code) Raw Output view raw output of R engine Computing time 5 seconds R Server 'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24 Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation Group[t] = + 0.487205492139385 -9.87926596117904e-07Costs[t] -0.000234395473004616Trades[t] -1.30804671140543e-06Dividends[t] + 2.34279226279435e-07Wealth[t] + e[t] Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares Variable Parameter S.D. T-STAT H0: parameter = 0 2-tail p-value 1-tail p-value (Intercept) 0.487205492139385 0.149039 3.269 0.002099 0.00105 Costs -9.87926596117904e-07 4e-06 -0.2305 0.818749 0.409374 Trades -0.000234395473004616 0.000468 -0.501 0.618889 0.309444 Dividends -1.30804671140543e-06 1e-06 -1.1949 0.238511 0.119255 Wealth 2.34279226279435e-07 0 2.8444 0.006727 0.003364 Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.450228000079615 R-squared 0.202705252055690 Adjusted R-squared 0.130223911333480 F-TEST (value) 2.79665428420498 F-TEST (DF numerator) 4 F-TEST (DF denominator) 44 p-value 0.0373912495309497 Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics Residual Standard Deviation 0.471043156485764 Sum Squared Residuals 9.76279283197115 Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals Time or Index Actuals Interpolation Forecast Residuals Prediction Error 1 1 1.26642203591018 -0.266422035910177 2 1 1.29142628778703 -0.291426287787032 3 1 1.05545203742473 -0.0554520374247277 4 0 0.0155934284010630 -0.0155934284010630 5 1 0.54505684121838 0.45494315878162 6 1 0.619865252318217 0.380134747681783 7 0 0.48511546623294 -0.48511546623294 8 1 0.652710175810959 0.347289824189041 9 1 0.478764047707854 0.521235952292146 10 1 0.721231913731903 0.278768086268097 11 0 0.399370869775129 -0.399370869775129 12 0 0.616821761489231 -0.616821761489231 13 1 0.757069625625623 0.242930374374377 14 0 0.209351316132755 -0.209351316132755 15 1 0.439439913702567 0.560560086297433 16 0 0.528330758620888 -0.528330758620888 17 0 0.262781237503150 -0.262781237503150 18 1 0.380867669519847 0.619132330480153 19 1 0.57444967583609 0.42555032416391 20 0 0.327892903803345 -0.327892903803345 21 1 0.54414748371547 0.45585251628453 22 1 0.507871982353763 0.492128017646237 23 0 0.398140570047451 -0.398140570047451 24 0 0.311784482588631 -0.311784482588631 25 0 0.385652742422008 -0.385652742422008 26 0 0.49982796645585 -0.49982796645585 27 1 0.438709202942881 0.56129079705712 28 0 0.396406192018462 -0.396406192018462 29 0 0.611504318687131 -0.611504318687131 30 0 0.432623996599273 -0.432623996599273 31 1 0.524670045977649 0.475329954022351 32 1 0.459344744380818 0.540655255619182 33 1 0.528102564384178 0.471897435615822 34 1 0.477716652600439 0.522283347399561 35 0 0.277771411870826 -0.277771411870826 36 0 0.387248202267197 -0.387248202267197 37 0 0.492546097083085 -0.492546097083085 38 1 0.47922263315278 0.52077736684722 39 1 0.379578894303166 0.620421105696834 40 0 0.397754740707097 -0.397754740707097 41 0 0.202199322126009 -0.202199322126009 42 0 0.420742666132705 -0.420742666132705 43 0 0.424592573686683 -0.424592573686683 44 0 0.399017640079333 -0.399017640079333 45 0 0.466622753133764 -0.466622753133764 46 1 0.423601146712997 0.576398853287003 47 1 0.353609514291782 0.646390485708218 48 1 0.337876826619552 0.662123173380448 49 0 0.41309941410714 -0.41309941410714 Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity p-values Alternative Hypothesis breakpoint index greater 2-sided less 8 0.138473987518625 0.276947975037250 0.861526012481375 9 0.401989737103379 0.803979474206759 0.598010262896621 10 0.262199805779326 0.524399611558651 0.737800194220675 11 0.421640005171049 0.843280010342098 0.578359994828951 12 0.585472506175287 0.829054987649427 0.414527493824713 13 0.498797510366585 0.99759502073317 0.501202489633415 14 0.43301390716906 0.86602781433812 0.56698609283094 15 0.419155813654129 0.838311627308259 0.580844186345871 16 0.532151456877523 0.935697086244955 0.467848543122477 17 0.470324715758316 0.940649431516632 0.529675284241684 18 0.445168070694432 0.890336141388864 0.554831929305568 19 0.401127045627402 0.802254091254803 0.598872954372598 20 0.377911357643786 0.755822715287572 0.622088642356214 21 0.342207510910856 0.684415021821712 0.657792489089144 22 0.34123936696879 0.68247873393758 0.65876063303121 23 0.326772067218924 0.653544134437848 0.673227932781076 24 0.275897795693572 0.551795591387144 0.724102204306428 25 0.243807570403270 0.487615140806539 0.75619242959673 26 0.245146413642110 0.490292827284219 0.75485358635789 27 0.325004030321591 0.650008060643181 0.67499596967841 28 0.282576115080381 0.565152230160762 0.717423884919619 29 0.401878696243562 0.803757392487124 0.598121303756438 30 0.373444972411412 0.746889944822824 0.626555027588588 31 0.332852259774979 0.665704519549958 0.667147740225021 32 0.366784774025291 0.733569548050581 0.633215225974709 33 0.322751524674885 0.64550304934977 0.677248475325115 34 0.310326203054562 0.620652406109123 0.689673796945438 35 0.586652149970297 0.826695700059407 0.413347850029703 36 0.494669434498803 0.989338868997605 0.505330565501197 37 0.439026144242918 0.878052288485835 0.560973855757082 38 0.477972646557322 0.955945293114644 0.522027353442678 39 0.386965183769772 0.773930367539544 0.613034816230228 40 0.318971933349732 0.637943866699464 0.681028066650268 41 0.53452756976567 0.93094486046866 0.46547243023433 Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity Description # significant tests % significant tests OK/NOK 1% type I error level 0 0 OK 5% type I error level 0 0 OK 10% type I error level 0 0 OK

Charts produced by software:

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Parameters (Session):

par1 = 1 ; par2 = Do not include Seasonal Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;

Parameters (R input):

par1 = 1 ; par2 = Do not include Seasonal Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;

R code (references can be found in the software module):

library(lattice) library(lmtest) n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test par1 <- as.numeric(par1) x <- t(y) k <- length(x[1,]) n <- length(x[,1]) x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1]) mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1]) colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1] x <- x1 if (par3 == 'First Differences'){ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep=''))) for (i in 1:n-1) { for (j in 1:k) { x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j] } } x <- x2 } if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep =''))) for (i in 1:11){ x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1 } x <- cbind(x, x2) } if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep =''))) for (i in 1:3){ x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1 } x <- cbind(x, x2) } k <- length(x[1,]) if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){ x <- cbind(x, c(1:n)) colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't' } x k <- length(x[1,]) df <- as.data.frame(x) (mylm <- lm(df)) (mysum <- summary(mylm)) if (n > n25) { kp3 <- k + 3 nmkm3 <- n - k - 3 gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3)) numgqtests <- 0 numsignificant1 <- 0 numsignificant5 <- 0 numsignificant10 <- 0 for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { j <- 0 numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1 for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) { j <- j + 1 gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value } if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1 if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1 if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1 } gqarr } bitmap(file='test0.png') plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index') points(x[,1]-mysum$resid) grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test1.png') plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index') grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test2.png') hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals') grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test3.png') densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals') dev.off() bitmap(file='test4.png') qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot') qqline(mysum$resid) grid() dev.off() (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid)) bitmap(file='test5.png') dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror) dum dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),] dum1 z <- as.data.frame(dum1) z plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals') lines(lowess(z)) abline(lm(z)) grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test6.png') acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function') grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test7.png') pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function') grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test8.png') opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0)) plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics') par(opar) dev.off() if (n > n25) { bitmap(file='test9.png') plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint') grid() dev.off() } load(file='createtable') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) myeq <- colnames(x)[1] myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='') for (i in 1:k){ if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '') myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ') if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') { myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='') if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='') } } myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]') a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, myeq) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT<br />H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) for (i in 1:k){ a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1]) a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6)) a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4)) a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6)) a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6)) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared)) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1]) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2]) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3]) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3])) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE) a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror)) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable3.tab') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE) a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE) a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation<br />Forecast', 1, TRUE) a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals<br />Prediction Error', 1, TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) for (i in 1:n) { a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE) a<-table.element(a,x[i]) a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i]) a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i]) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable4.tab') if (n > n25) { a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1]) a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2]) a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3]) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable5.tab') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests) if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' a<-table.element(a,dum) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests) if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' a<-table.element(a,dum) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10) a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests) if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' a<-table.element(a,dum) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable6.tab') }

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.

Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa

Disclaimer

Information provided on this web site is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and noninfringement. We use reasonable efforts to include accurate and timely information and periodically update the information, and software without notice. However, we make no warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of such information (or software), and we assume no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the content of this web site, or any software bugs in online applications. Your use of this web site is AT YOUR OWN RISK. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory shall we be liable to you or any other person for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, exemplary, or consequential damages arising from your access to, or use of, this web site.

Privacy Policy

We may request personal information to be submitted to our servers in order to be able to:

• personalize online software applications according to your needs
• enforce strict security rules with respect to the data that you upload (e.g. statistical data)
• manage user sessions of online applications
• alert you about important changes or upgrades in resources or applications

We NEVER allow other companies to directly offer registered users information about their products and services. Banner references and hyperlinks of third parties NEVER contain any personal data of the visitor.

We do NOT sell, nor transmit by any means, personal information, nor statistical data series uploaded by you to third parties.

We carefully protect your data from loss, misuse, alteration, and destruction. However, at any time, and under any circumstance you are solely responsible for managing your passwords, and keeping them secret.

We store a unique ANONYMOUS USER ID in the form of a small 'Cookie' on your computer. This allows us to track your progress when using this website which is necessary to create state-dependent features. The cookie is used for NO OTHER PURPOSE. At any time you may opt to disallow cookies from this website - this will not affect other features of this website.

We examine cookies that are used by third-parties (banner and online ads) very closely: abuse from third-parties automatically results in termination of the advertising contract without refund. We have very good reason to believe that the cookies that are produced by third parties (banner ads) do NOT cause any privacy or security risk.

FreeStatistics.org is safe. There is no need to download any software to use the applications and services contained in this website. Hence, your system's security is not compromised by their use, and your personal data - other than data you submit in the account application form, and the user-agent information that is transmitted by your browser - is never transmitted to our servers.

As a general rule, we do not log on-line behavior of individuals (other than normal logging of webserver 'hits'). However, in cases of abuse, hacking, unauthorized access, Denial of Service attacks, illegal copying, hotlinking, non-compliance with international webstandards (such as robots.txt), or any other harmful behavior, our system engineers are empowered to log, track, identify, publish, and ban misbehaving individuals - even if this leads to ban entire blocks of IP addresses, or disclosing user's identity.

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